Showing posts with label hands down questioning. Show all posts
Showing posts with label hands down questioning. Show all posts

Thursday, 9 October 2025

No-opting out: Being the voice of encouragement

 By Anita Shakya


Sometimes when we are tired, or low or vulnerable we might want to vanish or take the back road. No one wants to be seen making a mistake or not having all the answers. We value being respected and work hard to maintain the illusion that we have it all figured out. 


When things get tough, we bargain with ourselves. But, as professionals, we all have a small voice in our head that affirms that questions can be answered and challenges can be overcome. We have learned that we can do the things that make us uncomfortable and have proven it time and time again- we have built resilience and self belief. 


How did we get that “voice”? Opting-out is human nature,  our brains are trying to protect us from potential danger. But we have been guided by community, or even just that one person, to take a chance, to the point where, whatever it is,  it no longer feels risky. For our students, that can sometimes be the classroom where due to pride or fear or any other factor, our students sometimes want to act in avoidance and be invisible: but our role is to see them.


Challenging our students to be present, focused and learning is such a small thing but is probably what has the biggest impact over time. Whether it be from continuously correcting uniform, not taking “I don’t know” for an answer, or refusing to let them sit quietly on the sideline and not write in their books, we communicate that every student matters, in every moment.

What does this look like?

  1. Pay attention to the little things.  If we can opt out of not being dressed and prepared then the foundation for the rest can go to the wayside.

  2. Normalise struggle. Talk openly about how learning feels uncomfortable sometimes — that “I don’t know” is the start of learning, not the end of it. Use your own mistakes as examples of growth where relevant and appropriate

  3. Always come back to the question.  When a student says “I don’t know,” acknowledge it, give a scaffold, and come. “Okay, think about what we just discussed — I’ll come back to you.” This reinforces accountability and belief in their ability to contribute.

  4. Provide entry points for success. Ask questions that meet students where they are, then build up to higher-order thinking. Even a small success early in a discussion can reignite participation and confidence.

  5. Use peer support wisely. If one student is stuck, invite another to model the thought process, then return to the first student to complete or summarise. This keeps them part of the learning flow rather than letting them disengage.

  6. Be positive and empathetic. Use tone and body language to communicate belief: “You’ve expressed this so well before.” “Let’s figure this out together.” Over time, students internalise that confidence.

  7. Celebrate effort, not just answers. Publicly notice persistence, risk-taking, and curiosity. This helps redefine what “success” looks like and lowers the stakes of participation.

When we refuse to let students opt out — consistently, and with care — we become that voice of encouragement that helps them build the same resilience we’ve developed as adults. It’s not about catching them out; it’s about bringing them in — in the act of trying, thinking, and learning.

Our persistence teaches them that learning is not something to escape from, but something to step into and that it is achievable for everyone.


Tuesday, 12 October 2021

Maximising Your Questioning

By Michael Paulus

As part of Humanities, staff members give short and snappy weekly CPD sessions to the rest of the departments. I wanted to showcase what I felt was a really simple way to structure effective questioning in lessons that aids differentiation, provides retrieval practice to aid memory, supports classroom engagement and increases learners’ self-management through reflection.  In this blog post, I have summarised my CPD on Questioning. Enjoy! 



Scenario: I have just taught costs & profit calculation topic to my year 11 Business students last week. Here is a list of what I covered with them:




As you can see some of the content is more manageable (e.g how to define and give examples of start-up costs), and some content requires a variety of skills, such as calculation of profit based on figures given. Based on this prior learning, I wanted to start my next lesson with a series of questions that serve as retrieval practice and AfL, So I devised this structure to serve as my ‘DO NOW’:

10-Retrieval Questions

  1. LPA Q1:  

  2. LPA Q2: 

  3. MPA Q1: 

  4. MPA Q2: 

  5. Context-based (linked to a situation, scenario etc)

  6. HPA Q1: 

  7. HPA Q2: 

  8. CHALLENGE (high skill/knowledge question)

  9. DEEP (a deep thinking-type question)

  10. META/SOC (questioning that requires reflection, metacognition on the content and the wider syllabus)

(NB: I wouldn’t include “LPA Q1” etc on the board!!!!!)



So if I apply the ‘10-Retrieval Questions’ structure to the Costs & Profit topic above, it may look like this in my next lesson!




Other subject areas were also able to apply my 10-Retrieval Questions structure really quickly and successfully for a recent topic they taught:

I’ll end this post with an assortment of ways you might want to try in your lessons to enhance your questioning, which can and should be one of the most interactive and fun aspects of your lesson if you get it right:

  • Pre-plan who you might choose before posing the question (but don't say the name first!)
  • Rank order (either written or orally) the questions to increase in difficulty
  • Give plenty of thinking time before selection (Don’t be afraid of silence!)
  • “What is the counterargument for…?” or Can/did anyone see this another way?”
  • Relate questions to a situation/scenario/context
  • Questioning that asks students to consider deeper connections across topics/subjects
  • Consider how you might sequence 2-3 questions that build on each other as they are answered
  • Questioning on their self-efficacy towards a topic; “Which key term do you find the most confusing and why?”
  • Using your lesson’s (obscure) Key Question to pose as your final question of the lesson
  • ‘If this is the Answer... What is the Question?’
  • ‘What if...?’, ‘Suppose we knew...?’ and ‘What would change if...?’
  • Why do you think this is right….?
  • Students devise questioning for peers/other groups
  • Question the question: “Why do you think I asked that question?” or “Why was that question important?”




Friday, 18 September 2020

Need or noise?

Need or noise: how do we ensure that all students get the support they need, not just those who demand it the loudest?

The leadership team were posed this wicked question last week and from it stemmed all sorts of other questions: how do you ensure you differentiate for all students, not only the students with special educational needs? How do you hear the voice of the quiet, polite student who is making average progress?


We discussed that as a teacher you can do the following:


  • Look at the data of your students and be aware of those who are quiet and coasting in terms of progress - what can you plan for them? Could you change their place in the seating plan to sit with someone who can push them on? 


  • Are you aware of which students you may not be giving any attention to? Ask someone to observe you and create a “heat map” or tracker of the voices that are heard in a lesson - you may be surprised by the results!


  • Mark! A great equaliser as you get the chance to see the work of all students and provide the support they need through feedback


  • Embed some pedagogical strategies like Hands Down Questioning and No Help


  • Opening equal lines of dialogue and/or collecting all voices through the use of mini whiteboards, padlet, google forms and other resources that allow answers to be taken from all students equally. 


The more we discussed this question the more it was becoming apparent how important a moral issue this was and how it goes to the core of what our purpose is as teachers.


What will you change to hear all the voices you teach?


If you have anything to contribute to this discussion please do get in touch - I’d love to update this blog post with your thoughts.